Biochemistry (As a Speciality only) Course

Biochemistry (As a Speciality only)

Biochemistry, also is called as biological chemistry.

It is the study of chemical processes those occur within and related to living organisms. This is a combined discipline of chemistry and biology. Further, the biochemistry is divided into three main fields: Structural biology, Enzymology, and Metabolism. It successfully explains living processes through these three disciplines. Almost all areas of the life sciences are being uncovered and developed through biochemical methodology and research.

It focuses on understanding the chemical basis which allows biological molecules to carryout various processes within living cells. This leads easy understanding of response & functions of tissues and organs, as well as organism structure and function. 

Biochemistry deals or connected to molecular mechanisms of biological phenomena.   Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, bonding, functions, and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. They provide the architecture & structure to cells and perform many of the functions associated with their life. In addition, the cell also depends upon small molecules and ions. These can be inorganic (for example, water and metal ions) or organic (for example, the amino acids, which are used to synthesize proteins).

The mechanisms used by cells to harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry usually applied in medicine, nutrition and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of diseases. Nutrition studies how to maintain health and wellness and also the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, with the goal of improving crop cultivation, crop storage, and pest control. In recent decades, biochemical principles and methods have been combined with problem-solving approaches from engineering to manipulate living systems, in order to produce useful tools for research, industrial processes, and diagnosis and control of disease which has led to a separate discipline called as Biotechnology.

 

Molecular Biology

 

Molecular biology is a derivative of the Biochemistry that enables to understand the molecular basis of biological activity in and between cells, including biomolecular synthesis, modification, mechanisms, and interactions. Molecular biology was first described as an approach focused on the underpinnings of biological phenomena—uncovering the structures of biological molecules as well as their interactions, and how these interactions explain observations of classical biology. The term molecular biology generally referred to DNA structure, consequently to its function & methodologies. This led to the discovery of DNA material as foot print of hereditary in microorganisms, plants, animals and humans.

The field of molecular biology includes techniques which enable scientists to learn about molecular processes. These techniques are being used to efficiently target new drugs, diagnose disease, and better understand cell physiology. Some clinical research and medical therapies arising from molecular biology are covered under gene & molecular therapy whereas the use of molecular biology or molecular cell biology in medicine is now referred to as molecular medicine.

Medicine is the science and practice of caring for a patient, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or diseases, and promoting good health.

Biomedical sciences, genetics, and medical technology to diagnose, treat, and prevent injury and disease, typically through pharmaceuticals or surgery, but also through therapies as diverse as psychotherapy, external splints and traction, medical devices, biologics, and ionizing radiation.  All help this discipline grow & workable

In recent centuries, since the advent of modern science, most medicine has become a combination of art and science (both basic and applied, under the umbrella of medical science). For example, while stitching technique for sutures is an art learned through practice, knowledge of what happens at the cellular and molecular level in the tissues being stitched arises through science.

Topics /Lesson Coverage – BIOCHEMISTRY

 

1      Life forms and Their Origins                                

2      Nucleic Acids                                                     

3      Proteins                                                            

4      Simple Chromosomes                                         

5      Chromosomes of Eukaryotes                               

6      Genome Content                                        

7      RNA Synthesis 1: Transcription                   

8      RNA Synthesis 2: Processing                       

9      Abundance of RNAs in Bacteria           

10    Abundance of RNAs Eukaryotes          

11    Protein Synthesis                               

12    DNA Replication                                         

13    Chromosome Replication                             

14    Molecular Events of Recombination              

15    Micro-mutations                                         

16    Repair of Altered DNA                        

17    Reproduction of Bacteria                     

18    Horizontal Gene Transfer in Bacteria            

19    Cell Cycles of Eukaryotes                            

20    Meiosis                                     

21   Chromosomal Abnormalities                 

22    Life Cycle of Eukaryotes                               

23    Reproduction of Viruses              

24    Genetic Processes in Development

25    Sex Determination and Dosage Compensation

26    Cancer                             

27    Cutting, Sorting, and Copying DNA      

28    Genotyping by DNA Analysis               

29    Genetically Engineered Organisms

30    Genomics                         

31    Behavior of Genes and Alleles

32    Probability and Statistics Toolkit

33    Genes, Environment and Interactions

34    Locating Genes                  

35    Finding and Detecting Mutations

36    Cytoplasmic Inheritance     

37    Genetic Variation in Populations

38    Mutation, Migration, and Genetic Drift

39    Natural Selection               

40    Quantitative Genetics         

41    Speciation                         

42    Molecular Evolution and Phylogeny 

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ONLINE DISCUSSION OF AN ANSWER FOR ANY SPECIFIC QUESTION FOR CIVIL SERVICES BIOLOGY Per Question

₹ 700

(Individual students wil be grouped for any similar question on specific scheduled time)

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